Food and nutrition Essay

sustenance is either substance normally eaten or intoxicated by living things. The term food overly includes liquid drinks. Food is the main source of vital force and of nutrition for savages, and is usually of animal or plant origin. There atomic number 18 4 (four) basic food energy sources fats, proteins, carbohydrates and alcohol. Historical development Humans be omnivorous animals that bottom of the inning polish both plant and animal products. We changed from gatherers to hunter gatherers.After the experience of the crackpot Age t is prob able-bodied that humans wanted to create just about feeling of security by controlling what plants were growing and which animals were available. This led to agriculture, which has continually improved and altered the way in which food is obtained. In companionship to translate how we can enjoy greater health and upbeat, we need to understand something about food. There are four essential groups of food. For health and wellbein g we require food from all the groups. The purpose of this page is to stress that entirely four groups of food are essential to health and wellbeing.Even hough we may be encouraged to eat less fat, this page stresses that the ashes requires at least some food from each of the groups every day. Mevery foods endure more than one group of food, and milk keeps all groups of food. Food is frequently classified as 1. Carbohydrate, including Fibre 2. Protein 3. Fat 4. Vitamins and Minerals Carbohydrates are substances that contain carbon, henry and type O. They are utilise in the consistence to dumbfound energy. They include sugars and starches. Carbohydrates are usually obtained from plant sources.They are broken down in the body to form glucose, and any that is not immediately required in stored in the liver nd muscles as glycogen. Plants use carbohydrates to build structures and store any superfluity as starch, whereas, animals use protein. to build structures and store any e xcess as fat. Plants make carbohydrates from sunlight, water, chlorophyll, and carbon dioxide. We obtain them from plants, for example cereals starchy root legumes (pulses) ve perk upables and Fruits sugars, preserves and syrups Carbohydrates are mainly used by the body to pay off energy.Where there is a lack of energy, we might think of carbohydrates. The energy in the body is used for External activities (behavior), such as work, sport, leisure that is any movement of he body. Internal activities including breathing, pumping blood, digestion and the activities of the immune system. None-digestible carbohydrate (Fibre) Fibre, or roughage, refers to the non-digestible carbohydrates in vegetables and to a lesser extent in fruit. Fibre may genuinely be fibrous, as in celery, or may be a powder, or, when mixed with water in the intestines, a Jelly.Fibre provides people Lubrication, and Nutrition for friendly bacterium in the colon. When fibre is combined with water, it swells up and provides bulk to the digestive system. This makes it easier for food to pass through the intestines. Food also passes through the digestive system faster, so that waste products are carry for less time in the body. Some fibre has the effect of lubricating the content of the intestines and, hence, makes the food pass through easily and in a punctual manner. The benefits here are the same as for bulk.In addition, friendly bacteria in the colon feed on fibre and they are therefore nourished by it. By benefactoring these friendly bacteria, we enable them to help us to digest food. Also, by giving them support, they are more able to exclude other, less friendly bacteria, from our colons. Fibre is, therefore, ecessary for a healthy and streamlined digestive system. Proteins Proteins are calm, like carbohydrates, of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen, but with nitrogen. They may also contain sulphur and phosphorus.They are complex molecules composed of amino acids. Proteins are used by the body to Enable growth, development and repair. Build structures such as muscles, tissues and organs, including the heart, lungs, digestive organs. Enzymes, such as those required for digestion. Hormones, such as those for the endocrine gland glands. Proteins, therefore, are needed not only for obvious body structures, such as muscles, ut also for the immune and digestive systems, etc. have sex proteins are obtained from meat, fish and dairy products including eggs.Proteins can also be obtained from genuine combinations of foods, for example, cereals and beans. Fats and oils Fats are substances that are not soluble in water. They are composed of fatty acids and glycerol. Fats are also called lipids. Sources of fat include animal meat, fish, and vegetable oils. Fats are used by the body In every mobile phone structure. Especially to build nerves and brain. The brain is 40% fat. To insulate the body. To produce sex hormones and adrenal cortex hormone To produce cholesterol (ess ential for cellular telephone membranes and bile salts, for example).To absorb certain vitamins (A, D, E, and K). To store energy. Fats have got themselves a worst name in recent times, yet they are an essential food. That is, the body requires its intake of fat every day for health and, especially, well being. analogous the other groups of food, when the body does not get the fat it needs, then unwellness results. Vitamins and Minerals Vitamins are substances that are required in the diet for health and wellbeing. They are often grouped as fat-soluble or water-soluble. Fat-soluble vitamins are vitamins A, D, E and K. soluble vitamins include vitamins C and B. Minerals are non- organic substances that are required in the diet. While only small amounts of minerals are required in our diet, they are critical in building bones and teeth, regulating heartbeat and transporting oxygen from the lungs to the tissues. Vitamins and minerals occur in a variety of foods. That is, by eating a variety of foods, you can get the necessary vitamins and minerals you need for health. Deficiencies and excesses in any of these groups of foods produce illness and owered wellbeing.Western diets are especially deficient in the minerals calcium and iron and in the zed 3 fatty acids. calcium is obtained from, for example, milk and from eating canned salmon including the bones (salmon also contains Omega 3 fatty acids). Iron is often obtained from meat, especially liver. Lacto-vegeterians can get their calcium from milk, and vegans (who do not eat any animal products) can get their calcium from fortified soy milk. To obtain your calcium requirements from non- animal sources, you would have to eat a very large amount of vegetables or fruits.