Us history

We take nothing by conquest, Thank god. Zinn uses this statement to present how atrocious the conquest really was since there was a conquest. America wanted to hide it's evil ways behind the facade of saying that America acquire land always through peaceful purchases. The war was very unpopular to many.Polk said that the war was to gain California and also said that Mexicans invaded first. On this chapter Zinn focuses on the Mexican American war and how it really was a conquest caused by Polk. In 1821, Mexico won it's independence in a revolutionary war against Spain. Mexico was a large country which included Texas, New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, Arizona and part of Colorado. In 183 Texas broke of from Mexico and declared itself † The lone star republic† and in 1845 the U. S Congress brought it into the union as a state.Later in spring of 1846, all that was needed was a military incident to begin the war Polk wanted. It happened after General Taylor's quartermaster, Colonel Cr oss isappeared. His body was found eleven days later. It was assumed that the Mexicans had killed him. A lot of the Anti-Slavery congressmen voted against all war measures. Seeing the mexican campaign as a means of extending the southern. Slave territory Joshua Giddings explains his vote against supplying men and arms for the war.To Howard Zinn looks like Polk was the only one that wanted California to be part of his nation. The war barely begun in the summer of 1846, when a writer who lived in Washington refused to pay his Massachusetts poll tax. Denouncing the mexican war. He was put into Jail and spent the night there. Zinn argues that the president Polk pushed for the war because he wanted to expand. He wanted to go as southwest as possible. He thought the United States needed to be larger. Polk wanted California for America before anyone else could get it.It was not right for him to move his troops into an area that was already claimed by Mexicans. The war was not popular and t he soldiers wanted to go home. Like Zinn said † I don't think it was right to Just take land from Mexico Just because the president wants it. I think thats ot fair. Polk's leadership as president ofa nation that was quickly expanding not care for the mexican people already living there. Zinn gives a quote from the diary of Colonel Ethan Allen Hitchcock, who opposed measures taken by General Taylor to annex Texas.Hitchcock explains, â€Å"He seems to have lost all respect for Mexican rights and is willing to be an instrument of Mr. Polk for pushing our boundary as far west as possible,† (A people's history of the United States page 150). The feelings for this burst of expansion were varied; some believed it unnecessary to ifferent degrees and opposed or refuse to go into war with Mexico Just to take their land , while others strongly favored the extra land.In fact, a new attitude was developed during this time, the one of â€Å"manifest destiny'Americans technically wen t into conquest because Cross was found dead eleven days after he disappeared and Mexicans were responsible for it. They didn't know who killed it so they actually went into conquest because Polk was already planning on taking California from Mexico. Americans assumed the war begin by the mexicans after killing Cross. No one wanted to go to war with anyone. The American people were not excited or impatient for this.In conclusion a part of me was shocked while another part of me knew that these actions were not uncommon. While it is hard for me to determine what the United States' goal is right now (perhaps stability) it's easy to see what kind of mindset these powerful leaders back then had. It was all about the idea that Americans were entitled to the land they set their eyes on. knowing that the united states of America used to be so grossly land-obsessed. Then again, who knows what our country is obsessed with today; it could be land once again. Us history We take nothing by conquest, Thank god. Zinn uses this statement to present how atrocious the conquest really was since there was a conquest. America wanted to hide it's evil ways behind the facade of saying that America acquire land always through peaceful purchases. The war was very unpopular to many.Polk said that the war was to gain California and also said that Mexicans invaded first. On this chapter Zinn focuses on the Mexican American war and how it really was a conquest caused by Polk. In 1821, Mexico won it's independence in a revolutionary war against Spain. Mexico was a large country which included Texas, New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, Arizona and part of Colorado. In 183 Texas broke of from Mexico and declared itself † The lone star republic† and in 1845 the U. S Congress brought it into the union as a state.Later in spring of 1846, all that was needed was a military incident to begin the war Polk wanted. It happened after General Taylor's quartermaster, Colonel Cr oss isappeared. His body was found eleven days later. It was assumed that the Mexicans had killed him. A lot of the Anti-Slavery congressmen voted against all war measures. Seeing the mexican campaign as a means of extending the southern. Slave territory Joshua Giddings explains his vote against supplying men and arms for the war.To Howard Zinn looks like Polk was the only one that wanted California to be part of his nation. The war barely begun in the summer of 1846, when a writer who lived in Washington refused to pay his Massachusetts poll tax. Denouncing the mexican war. He was put into Jail and spent the night there. Zinn argues that the president Polk pushed for the war because he wanted to expand. He wanted to go as southwest as possible. He thought the United States needed to be larger. Polk wanted California for America before anyone else could get it.It was not right for him to move his troops into an area that was already claimed by Mexicans. The war was not popular and t he soldiers wanted to go home. Like Zinn said † I don't think it was right to Just take land from Mexico Just because the president wants it. I think thats ot fair. Polk's leadership as president ofa nation that was quickly expanding not care for the mexican people already living there. Zinn gives a quote from the diary of Colonel Ethan Allen Hitchcock, who opposed measures taken by General Taylor to annex Texas.Hitchcock explains, â€Å"He seems to have lost all respect for Mexican rights and is willing to be an instrument of Mr. Polk for pushing our boundary as far west as possible,† (A people's history of the United States page 150). The feelings for this burst of expansion were varied; some believed it unnecessary to ifferent degrees and opposed or refuse to go into war with Mexico Just to take their land , while others strongly favored the extra land.In fact, a new attitude was developed during this time, the one of â€Å"manifest destiny'Americans technically wen t into conquest because Cross was found dead eleven days after he disappeared and Mexicans were responsible for it. They didn't know who killed it so they actually went into conquest because Polk was already planning on taking California from Mexico. Americans assumed the war begin by the mexicans after killing Cross. No one wanted to go to war with anyone. The American people were not excited or impatient for this.In conclusion a part of me was shocked while another part of me knew that these actions were not uncommon. While it is hard for me to determine what the United States' goal is right now (perhaps stability) it's easy to see what kind of mindset these powerful leaders back then had. It was all about the idea that Americans were entitled to the land they set their eyes on. knowing that the united states of America used to be so grossly land-obsessed. Then again, who knows what our country is obsessed with today; it could be land once again.

Health and Wellness in the Workplace Essay

Thesis Statement: Health and Wellness programs in a workplace can benefit employees by helping them manage their physical and emotional health, reduce stress and provide a reward system program in the workplace. I. Introduction. II. Provide Nutrition Programs A. Manage employees physical & emotional health 1. Provide different seminars to manage different health issues. 2. Create a program that fits your employees concerns in the work environment. III. Promotes employee’s perfect attendance A. Prevent employee’s absenteeism 1. By providing random wellness check 2. Reward employees for perfect attendance in the wellness programs IV. Reduce Stress in Workplace A. Provide breaks to help employees reduce stress 1. Start a group during 15 minutes break to walk 2. Provide a massage therapist once every two weeks to give 15 minutes massages to relief stress. 3. Give a stress management seminar for nutrition and excerising. V. Reward System in the workplace to accomplish Goals A. Provide a reward program to lose weight and stay healthily 1. A support system for employees by offering extra days off for doing the programs. 2. Create a bonus program for employees for reaching health goals. VI. Conclusion. Resources By: Alden, Sharyn, Regroup, Recharge, Credit Union Magazine, Jul 2007, Vol. 73 Issue 7, p 30-35, 6p; Abstract By: Bulk Tran Sporter, Tax credits proposed for employee wellness, Nov. 2007, Vol. 70, Issue 5, p12-12, 1/2p; Abstract By: Shepherd, Leah Carlson, More time to smell the†¦

Career planning incorporates is long and short term goals

Career planning incorporates is long and short term goals The perfect career is not a standard of living .it’s a state of mind and state of being. In the perfect job I’m applying the talent I enjoy most to an interest I’m passionate about in an environment that fits who you are and what you value. With the rapidly changing world of work. It can be difficult to make specific career plans for the near future. Let alone for the rest of your life. Key concepts The first step in career planning is self-assessment Proper preparation is necessary for a career Setting goals/ objectives is a critical element in choosing a career path Making a career choice requires making major decisions Career planning incorporates is long term & short term career goals Long term career planning Short term career planning My knowledge, skills, values and interests Identify which new knowledge and skills I want to improve Research career opportunities Formulate a careers action plan with contingencies Up to 6 years ahead From 6 to 10 years ahea d Check the careers action plan for realism My career plan As a accounting student my personal career plan target is an finance director as my first brother who working at augentius fund administration LLP as finance associate director He is my role model. Since I was 7 years old, I started to keep expenses records with my pocket money. I have a greater opportunity to develop my career. Because two of my brothers in accounting field. Prospective career path Currently I’m doing BABS and ACCA as well after my degree it could be help to my plan to do internships in a companies which are focused on the financial sectors . Now a days a lot of opportunities for accounting field. It gives me satisfaction I have potential growth in my career. Five smart objectives I will finish my ACCA qualification within twoà Ã… ¡ years after my London school of commerce BABS graduation on self study basis Improve my English skill to excellent level in written and spoken Expand my networking thro ugh adding valuable business contacts through attend meeting, exhibition, seminars Role of the Accounting/ Financial Having noted the expanded number of tasks now undertaken by the modern financial function it is important to also note how the role of the accounting staff has changed in relation to the rest of the company. Knowing where you stand today is a necessary preside to contemplating where you might be in the future. The understanding of a company’s overall performance and its current financial standing is the key for any planning activities. The finance of the company will help to find out that information .a particular important area in which the role of the accountant has changed is related to processes. The most historically important role that the accounting staff must change is that of being a brake on other activities. The accounting staff tends to shoot down changes proposed by other department the changes will interfere with the controls. In today increasingl y competitive environment, it is very important for companies to develop strong relationships with their key suppliers and customer. These business partners will demand extra services, some of which must be fulfilled by the accounting staff. With the globalization of business, competition has become more intense. It is possible that the ethical foundations to which a company adheres have deteriorated in the face of this pressure.

Measuring Institutional Performance Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Measuring Institutional Performance - Assignment Example For instance, if the students at School A receive higher scores on a standardized exam than students at School B, School A is viewed as being the better school. Some areas even rate their schools based on standardized score reports, with parents moving their children around to the higher-rated schools in hopes of them receiving a better education. Certain other statistics are also used as a performance measure when it comes to educational institutions. A large one is the number of students that enroll in college close to graduation or upon graduation from that educational institution. The rating and/or popularity of the colleges that those students enroll in also play a large factor in the process. The numbers of students within an educational institution that participate in community or other outside activities also give a favorable impression when it comes to measuring the performance of that institution. Generally, the more positive media attention an educational institution recei ves, the better it is rated in its overall performance. ... The rating and/or popularity of the colleges that those students enroll in also play a large factor in the process. The numbers of students within an educational institution that participate in community or other outside activities also give a favorable impression when it comes to measuring the performance of that institution. Generally, the more positive media attention an educational institution receives, the better it is rated in its overall performance. Size and financial matters also play a significant role in the performance measurement of an educational institution. Generally, larger schools are seen as being more productive since they typically have more resources to fund activities that can better enrich the lives of their students. They can also afford more educational materials that can help their students learn and retain more material. The tradeoff is that students in smaller schools often receive more personalized attention because of smaller class sizes and better student-to-teacher ratios. According to Mayston when referring to this topic (2000, pg. 1), "These issues relate to the clarification of the objectives of the education system, the impact of performance reward systems, such as Performance Related Pay, the role of resources in influencing educational outcomes, the reliability of existing methods of assessing educational performance, such as Data Envelopment Analysis and multivariate regression, and the need for an improved national comparative database if progress is to be made in several of these directions." Motivational Factors Likely to Influence the Level of Performance of Staff and Ways in Which Efforts May Be Made to Quantify Such Factors Staff members in pretty

People and Church of Nicaragua Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

People and Church of Nicaragua - Case Study Example People and Church of Nicaragua had huge expectations from Pope Paul II’s visit to the state in 1983. When the people led regime became autocratic and denied the common man its right to survive and prosper, the Marxist revolutionaries started fighting for the welfare of the people. The Church of the ‘poor’ also aligned with the Marxist revolutionaries and proactively supported their cause (Gutià ©rrez, 1973; Belli, 1988). The Pope’s visit was therefore highly significant for the Nicaragua Church as well as for the people because they saw it as intangible support and a means to convince the government for social reforms that would benefit the common man (Foroohar, 1989; Williams, 1985). But unfortunately, Pope’s visit was a huge let down for Nicaragua’s people and the Church. The major objective of the visit of Pope John Paul II was to proclaim that Catholic Church did not support communists. The huge congregation assembled at the Plaza was hop eful that Pope would lend support to the people’s revolution and decry the mass carnage by government led death squad. But Pope’s silence on the issue was a big disillusion for the priests and public but later wrote a letter ‘denouncing Popular Church’(Dew, 1983:632). He neither condoled the deaths of priests, nuns and innocent people nor made any effort to talk with Nicarguan priests so that could put their case personally. Despite people’s incessant chant, ‘Holy Father, we beg you for a prayer for our loved ones who have been murdered’, Pope was unmoved (Boyt, 1983). Pope’s agenda to his Nicaragua visit was politically inclined and defied wider human welfare. The priests’ fears came true and they along with people of Nicaragua became the innocent victims of oppressive regime that got the approval from the highest authority of Catholic Church, when Pope remained silent on the issue in his visit.

Problems and Risks with Information Security in the modern world Research Paper

Problems and Risks with Information Security in the modern world - Research Paper Example This essay discusses that increasing and tougher market competition, globalisation, rapid developments in technology, higher demands from customers and other similar factors are some of the changes that companies are confronted with as they try to create their niche in the global market. In response, companies have redefined and re-shaped their strategies in order to equip them with the necessary tools and mechanisms that will enable the organisation to address the challenges brought by change. One of the most important challenges that organisations have to deal with is the rapid evolution and changes in information technology. Information is one of the primary assets organisations. It is being exchanged among organisations, employees, customers, management, partners and other stakeholders of the company. Meanwhile, developments in communication and computer technologies have paved for faster exchanges of information through the use cellular phones, internet, and other technological devices that allow people to be connected anytime, anywhere. In this regard, information technology has become an integral part and tool of organisations as firms respond to the challenges of the market and cope with the increasing demands of the customers. However, as information becomes more valuable to firms and organisational processes become more dependent on information systems (IS), IS security has become one of the major issues that modern enterprises have to tackle. (Belsis, Kokolakis & Kiountouzis 2005). Threats, identity theft, fraud, viruses, data integrity, data protection and other similar concerns have been part of the many issues that IS security have to deal with as the proliferation of the use of computers continue in the Information age. In this regard, this research will focus on the problems and risks in information security in general and in the banking sector in particular. Objectives of the Study The study intends to examine the nature of information security . It also seeks to determine the various problems and risks that information security is dealing with. Likewise, the study aims to identify some of the theories that are proposed in order to address the concerns and issues pertinent to information security. In addition, it aims to understand information security from the viewpoint of the banking sector. Finally, the study seeks to test information that will identify further concerns in information security in the banking sector. Research Questions In view of the integral role that information security in organisations, the research will be addressing two main questions and these are, first,

Mathematics Autobiography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mathematics Autobiography - Essay Example In my entire course, my grades were good enough to further my study since my improvement was notable. My interest in mathematics started after my first pre-calculus class. My professors led me to discover the mystery of math and showed me the significance of mathematics in the scientific world. Presently, as a math major student in Seattle University, I am focused to get a better grade. This will help me get a higher-level education of mathematics in the future. My future plans and my personal expectations in mathematics is to get into a graduate school and major in statistics. From my researched understanding, statistics is a study that involves mathematical calculations and data analysis. This helps predict the future and determine what happened in the past. A program which works with numbers and data is challenging hence will improve my cognitive understanding and make my life more wonderful. The most attractive thing about mathematics in my life is studying with numbers. I can solve problems using different approaches and prove my answers with numbers. I consider it more interesting when I solve problems using numbers instead of using words. To me, using of Reserve proof to prove a mathematics problem is like a magic. However, not every aspect of mathematics interests me. For instance, understanding of theorem and definitions, as presented in publications has always been a problem to me. Reading is the hardest part in my life, so I still need to work hard with the definitions. Calculus II, integral, and Differential Equation are the most interesting units that I have taken in my entire course. I like integral and it interests me to integrate a hard question and finally figure out the answer. After taking Differential Equation class, I learned how to integrate an equation and restore it back to its previous state. I am taking math 310 as a major requirement and the same unit is a basic class for my higher-level math classes. Proving, which is a

Choosing Path 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Choosing Path 3 - Essay Example The current outlook by the National Association of Colleges and Employers, NACE (2014) indicates that employers seek to increase starting salaries so as woo applicants. Therefore, a career in finance would be considered as financially rewarding. The financial industry has a myriad of benefits to offer. Generally, financial services industry has been noted to offer compensation structures that are much more generous as compared to other sectors of the economy. Secondly, the lean nature of a majority of the players in this industry minimises bureaucracy in financial institutions. A majority of them do not follow a highly formalised structure, thus the ease of interaction between the junior and senior employees. Save for insurance and banking, Lombardi (2012) observes that investment management, investment banking, securities trading and financial advisory are less bureaucratic and more remunerative. Moreover, career advancement in the industry is highly regarded and based on performance. Thus, a career in business finance could particularly favour the ambitious people like me. Finally, the Association for Financial Professionals provides opportunities for those undertaking careers in finance to network, receive appropriate tr aining and get involved in research. This provides numerous opportunities for growth in the industry. Other benefits cited by NACE (2014) include medical insurance, dental insurance, life insurance, annual salary increments and employee assistance such as counselling. Employers in finance look for certain critical skills in a prospective employee. According to NACE (2014), these include communication skills, including the verbal and the written aspects, analytical or quantitative skills, leadership, cooperativeness, problem-solving skills, detailed orientation, computer skills and strong work ethic. They look for persevering people due to demands

Mystic Monk Coffee SWOT Analysis Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mystic Monk Coffee SWOT Analysis - Case Study Example The vision of the company was declared to be: â€Å"acquiring a large parcel of land - a new Mount Carmel – and building a monastery with accommodations for 30 monks, a retreat center for lay visitors, a Gothic church, a convent for Carmelite nuns, and a hermitage† (Turnipseed 2011, 237). While this vision clearly defines the goal of the monastery for the next year or several years, it needs some improvement as it sounds more like a strategic plan than a vision statement. In order to achieve the above listed strategic objectives, the monastery needs to have an appropriate strategy and business model. At the present moment, the monastery does not have clearly identified strategy. Current business model is based on the sales of roasted coffee beans to Catholic visitors, wholesale shops, and churches. The monastery purchases fair trade Arabica beans at $2,99, roasts it, packages, and resells at $9,95 per 12-ounce bag. The sales are carried out mainly online, via the corporate website of the monastery. If customer purchase three coffee bags or more, they are granted free shipping service. Also, there exists a â€Å"coffee club†, whereas customers are offered to a monthly delivery of one to six bags of preselected coffee (Turnipseed 2011, 237). All these elements make up the current business model of the Wyoming Monastery Coffee business operations. Before recommending any improvements on the strategy and business model, it is necessary to analyze t he key internal strengths and weaknesses of the monastery and evaluate major threat and opportunities. The first initial strategic option was to consider Mystery Monk Coffee operations as a potential source for funding the project. For implementing this strategy it is necessary to produce a calculation of the monastery’s production capability.  

George Washington Essay Example for Free

George Washington Essay George Washington faced many challenges during his presidency. Some of these challenges were difficulty of setting up a new government, domestic difficulties, and foreign affairs. He had a hard eight years of presidency but he mostly resolved all the problems. One of his challenges was setting up a new government. This was hard because people just revolted against their last form of government. They revolted against their last government because taxation was a major issue. Collecting federal taxes as a tricky issue. The whiskey rebellion was a rebellion over the tax on alcoholic beverages such as whiskey. Washington wanted to stop the rebellion by establishing power of the federal government to keep order and collect taxes. Another issue that relates to this is paying off war caused by most colonies. Another challenge was Domestic difficulties. Years of war had not whatsoever helped the US economy. Most of these people were facing very hard times. The Constitution did not receive accepted support. And the Colonies were used to dealing with their own affairs. The conflict between colonies rights and the Federal governments power was more legit and significant than ever. There was a lot of fear about a new Revolution which formed more circumscriptions on personal freedom than ever. Two political factions appeared even within Washington’s cabinet. One last issue was foreign affairs. There were potential problems with France and Great Britain on top of gaining respect from Europe for the beginning of a new government. Also, the British had not removed there soldiers from the northwest of the United States. They also supplied weapons and support to the Indians in their resistance to the settlers. Louisiana and Florida were controlled by the French and British along with all of the land west and south. Spain and Britain wanted to colonize North America and they made no effort to secretize it. George Washington had many challenges during his Presidency such as, difficulty of setting up a new government, domestic difficulties, and foreign affairs. Although this was hard George Washington managed to take care of it. George Washington clearly faced many challenges.

Social Media for PR: Implications and Opportunities

Social Media for PR: Implications and Opportunities Mandy Soh The Role and Implications of New Media for PR Introduction With the introduction of the internet comes new media, which in recent years have seen PR practitioners having to adapt and change their approach to cater to the online community. According to Dewdney Ride, new media can be described as â€Å"the preferred term for a range of media practices that employ digital technologies and the computer in some way or another (James, n.d.). New media also provides a wider reach than traditional media, being portable and easily accessible. This essay seeks to explore the opportunities and threats presented to PR practitioners with the introduction of new media. Using a local case study, this essay will also discuss how new media has changed the way PR practitioners engage with their organizational stakeholders, as well as how it has impacted public relations practices today. Case Study – SMRT In 2011, SMRT trains experienced periodical breakdowns during the months October through December. The most prominent incidents being the December 15 and 17 breakdowns, believed to have been the worst train breakdowns in 24 years of operations, sparking angry netizens to take to social media platforms such as Twitter to express their outrage over the unreliability of the train service (Low, 2011). These breakdowns affected some 5,000 commuters during the evening peak hour (Sim, 2011). Netizens were further enraged by the surfacing of a photo on Twitter depicting a photo taken on an SMRT taxi which shows the message starting with â€Å"Income opportunity† before explaining the breakdown (Barimen, 2011). Prior to the episodes, an announcement was made by SMRT to increase train fares starting the following year. This fostered a sour attitude towards SMRT among Singaporeans, and negative comments were buzzing around the various social media sites. Impact of New Media on SMRT’s PR Practice Throughout these incidents, SMRT continued to disregard feedback on their official Facebook and Twitter pages, instead going on to offer vouchers to its subscribers and followers. The only â€Å"official† responses to confused commuters among the chaos seem to be coming from only one SMRT Ltd Feedback, a troll account which emerged during the crisis. Without any clear answers on SMRT’s official channels, the comments from the troll account only further added to the public’s confusion and doubt. Only after 15 hours have elapsed has SMRT began providing information and responding to the situation. The organization, in its failure to communicate timely with the public in times of crisis, has lost their trust. This is despite the fact that there have been no major episodes in their history of operation. The incident has shown that organizations should have a tested plan in place to be able to communicate with the stakeholders efficiently in times like this. Because of the fast transfer of information in the age of new media, employees who manage the social media platforms have to exercise discretion on the appropriate times to put up certain content. In the case of SMRT, instead of responding to queries during the crisis, employees instead put up voucher offers, which was of no help clearing the air of doubts. Opportunities for Better Engagement with Stakeholders Despite the negative impact that new media has on public relations practices, it has also presented a series of opportunities for PR practitioners. Because of its wide reach, organizations can now use new media to launch a direct dialog with their stakeholders with ease. Platforms such as forums and blogs allow for PR practitioners to establish a two-way communication, allowing them to better understand the feedback of the public. When the public is engaged in this process, it creates brand awareness and a word-of-mouth effect. It is also easier for the organization to rally support from the public, by empowering them to make certain decisions. This will result in a higher number of people who would champion the organization’s cause. When there is a need for fast transfer of information, like in times of crisis, organizations can harness the use of new media to get their messages out. This allows for control of the situation on the organization’s part. The organization can even garner the public’s comments and come up with better solutions to solve the problem. Social media sites such as YouTube and Facebook can also be used as publicity vehicles. One such example is from Coca-Cola, which in 2012 released a YouTube video titled â€Å"Hug Me by Coca-Cola†. In the video, several Singaporeans can be seen obtaining a bottle of Coca-Cola from a vending machine. Instead of the traditional vending machine which dispenses with the slotting of coins, this particular machine dispenses upon a hug to it. The video generated more than a million views, with many netizens praising the organization’s creativity. Threats to PR Practices In spite of the opportunities for PR practitioners to effectively use new media as a source of communication with the public, certain threats are present as well. Janal (1998) argues that â€Å"too many companies go on the web without a set of goals†, suggesting that there are no incentives to move the public to be committed instead of just curious. In such cases, Theaker (2004, p. 264) suggests that PR practitioners work with the marketing department to ensure that sites are tested before they are fully launched, instead of conducting such testing on the public. PR practitioners also have to work harder to keep up with the trends to be able to fully understand the social media lingo. On top of that, they have to be more responsive because of the fast transfer of information with lesser effort. Organizations also have to work harder to establish credibility with the reduction of face-to-face interaction, which may create misunderstandings easily. Conclusion In the age of new media, there are many considerations and skills PR practitioners have to be sensitive to and develop to better reach out to their intended public. However, with proper research and strategizing, new media can be a very powerful tool for PR practitioners. Apart from this, PR practitioners also have to remember that having a better engagement with the public will lead to better reach for the organization. Instead of using new media to generate a large number of likes, genuine engagement of the public will ultimately lead to brand loyalty. The use of new media can be a double-edged sword in cases like SMRT. If PR practitioners are able to be well attuned to the sensitive nature of it however, new media can be effectively used to reach out to a wide number of stakeholders, thereby establishing their organization’s reputation. References Barimen, A. (2011, December 21). Not So SMRT: A Case Study of Communications Failure. Retrieved April 6, 2015, from http://www.skribeproductions.com/2011/12/21/not-so-smrt-a-case-study-of-communications-failure/ James, M. (n.d.). A review of the impact of new media on public relations: Challenges for terrain, practice and education. Asia Pacific Public Relations Journal, 8. Retrieved April 7, 2015, from http://www.academia.edu/1529188/A_review_of_the_impact_of_new_media_on_public_relations_Challenges_for_terrain_practice_and_education Low, I. (2011, December 16). Singapore’s MRT Breakdown Chaos Leaves Thousands Stranded. Straits Times Indonesia. Retrieved April 6, 2015, from http://thejakartaglobe.beritasatu.com/archive/singapores-mrt-breakdown-chaos-leaves-thousands-stranded/485081/ Sim, R. (2011, October 18). In Singapore, 5,000 Commuters Affected by MRT Disruption. Straits Times Indonesia. Retrieved April 6, 2015, from http://thejakartaglobe.beritasatu.com/archive/in-singapore-5000-commuters-affected-by-mrt-disruption/472390/ Theaker, A. (2004). Using the internet effectively in public relations. InThe Public Relations Handbook(2nd ed., p. 264). England, Abingdon, Oxfordshire: Routledge. Malaria: Causes, Prevention and Treatments Malaria: Causes, Prevention and Treatments Introduction There are over 100 species of malaria parasites the most known to cause death is in Africa called plasmodium falciparum (Malaria No More 2014). Only female anopheles mosquitos can transmit malaria (Malaria No More 2014). The malaria parasite is a member of the apicomplexa they are characterized by a set of organelles (Greenwood et al., 2008). These organelles are known as apical organelles because are located at the end of the parasite (Greenwood et al., 2008). This plasmodium parasite has cycles to develop in the mosquito (Greenwood et al., 2008). When this parasite enters the body through the mosquito it invades the liver there it multiplies 10,000 times two weeks in, the parasite goes into the blood stream where it infects the red blood cells (Malaria No More 2014). Currently 1 million people are dying from malaria and 500 million cases (Greenwood et al., 2008). As of now 2 billion are at risk of malaria mostly affecting poor populations around subtropical and tropical areas because the temperature and rain are better for the development of the malaria causing parasites in mosquitos (Greenwood et al., 2008). Malaria is a mosquito borne disease caused by a parasite (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). It usually causes chills, muscle pain, fever, and flu like illness (Malaria.com, 2011). It can also cause severe problems such as damage to the brain, heart, kidneys, and lungs (Malaria.com, 2011). When malaria is untreated it develops severe complications and causes death (Malaria.com, 2011). Malaria is caused when a mosquito infected with parasites bites a person (Malaria.com, 2011). In some rare occasions people can get it when they come in contact with infected blood (Malaria.com, 2011). Review and Results of Case Study In this study a 46 year old male was admitted to a hospital in Saudi Arabia (Hussain et al., 2008). 10 days before he was admitted had many symptoms which included abdominal pain, vomiting, and loose stools. He also got bloody diarrhea a day before his admission (Hussain et al., 2008). He didn’t appear to have a fever or cold and flushing of face and his medical history was great (Hussain et al., 2008). Once he was admitted he had a report of his blood film which was negative for malaria parasites (Hussain et al., 2008). His examination showed that he had diffuse congested mucosa of the stomach (Hussain et al., 2008). His blood, urine, and stool culture reports were all negative (Hussain et al., 2008). They did find hematological findings which were anaemia with hemoglobin because of the destruction of the red blood cells (Hussain et al., 2008). He had a slightly impaired renal function but his liver function tests were normal. 5 days after his admission on a routine peripheral smear they reported a sexual form of plasmodium malariae (Hussain et al., 2008). They didn’t know if he had malaria because he had no signs of organ damage and didn’t fulfill the World Health Organization criteria of sever malaria (Hussain et al., 2008). The patient had recent history of travel to Pakistan without taking chemoprophylaxis for malaria since malaria is widely distributed in Pakistan (Hussain et al., 2008). This patient was given drugs and blood to correct anaemia from malaria and gastrointestinal bleeding (Hussain et al., 2008). He was later released four weeks later (Hussain et al., 2008). Analysis Malaria is a parasite called plasmodium malariae which starts of in the mosquito (Collins Jeffery, 2007). The mosquito has a small number of sporozoites that go to the salivary duct it is then injected to the venules of the bitten human (Collins Jeffery, 2007). When the parasite enters the blood stream, within an hour the sporozoites attack’s the liver (Collins Jeffery, 2007). Once inside a parenchymal cell the parasite matures in 15 days (Collins Jeffery, 2007). Within this time period thousands of merozoites are produced. These merozoites invade the red blood cells and start the erythrocytic cycle (Collins Jeffery, 2007). After a developmental cycle happens in the red blood cells, for a couple of days some merozoites are released and reinvade more red blood cells (Collins Jeffery, 2007). While the malaria parasite is multiplying in the red blood cells it has to be moving between cells otherwise it will get cleared out by the immune system (Harvard School of Public Health, 2012). In the parasites nucleus there is a gene called virulence which encodes a protein on the surface of the parasite to allow it to enter the blood cells where it can turn off and on to hide (Harvard School of Public Health, 2012). It is able to turn off the gene by packing the gene up into a tight ball in the nucleus to turn back on it simply unpacks itself from the ball (Harvard School of Public Health, 2012). The parasite forms a protein which binds to a specific antigen called Duffy antigen (GenePlanaet, 2012). This antigen is common in our blood cells this makes a Duffy antigen system which is like the AB0 blood system (GenePlanaet, 2012). People with Duffy positive have these antigens Duffy negative doesn’t (GenePlanaet, 2012). The malaria parasite needs these Duffy proteins to enter the blood stream and develop the infection (GenePlanaet, 2012). People with Duffy negative are resistant to malaria because they don’t have this antigen (GenePlanaet, 2012). Symptoms and Tests There is uncomplicated which last 6-10 hours which has a cold stage a hot stage and a sweating stage (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). In a cold stage the person has a sensation of a cold and shivers (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). The host stage consists of fever, headaches, vomiting, and seizures in young children (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). The sweating stage is when the person sweats and returns to a normal temperature and experience tiredness (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). Some symptoms of this are fever, chills, sweat, headache, nausea and vomiting, body aches, and general malaise (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). Some physical symptoms may include increased respiratory rate, weakness, elevated temperature, enlarged spleen, enlarged liver and perspiration (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). Sever malaria has different results a person might have seizures go into a coma or other neurologic abnormalities (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). They can also experience server anemia because of the destruction of their red blood cells. Acute respiratory distress, abnormalities in the blood, low blood pressure, kidney failure, and metabolic acidosis are other results of server malaria (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). Tests that were given in this case study were blood smears, endoscopic examination, and abdominal ultrasound. Blood smears are taken from a finger prick (webmed, 2011). When the doctors do blood smear tests they use thick and thin blood smears to know if someone has malaria (webmed, 2011). It will let them know the percentage of red blood cells that are infected with the parasite (webmed, 2011). When they do a thick blood smear a drop of blood is put on a glass slide for examination (webmed, 2011). These tests are more useful to determine the presence of the parasite because they use a larger sample of blood to examine (webmed, 2011). A thin blood smear is a drop of blood that is spread across the slide this helps them know what type of malaria the patient has (webmed, 2011). In this case the blood film came back negative for malaria parasites (Hussain et al., 2008). They performed an endoscopic exam in which they found a diffuse congested mucosa (Hussain et al., 2008). They also did an abdominal ultrasound which came out normal (Hussain et al., 2008). There are other ways to test for malaria for example there are various test kits to detect antigens form malaria parasites these kits are usually used where microscopic diagnosis is not available (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). There is also a molecular diagnosis where the parasite nucleic acids are detected through a reaction using polymerase chain (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). They can also do a serology test that detects antibodies against malaria parasites (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). This test uses indirect immunofluorescence or enzyme linked immunosorbent (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). This test does not detect the current infection what it detects is the past exposure (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). There are lateral strip tests what these tests allow them to do is to target histidine rich protein 2 of the malaria parasite and its specific lactate dehydrogenase (Kakkilaya, 2011). Theses don’t require any type of machinery so they can be performed anywhere (Kakkilaya, 2011). The kidney and liver are checked to see if they have any damage to see if they have malaria or rule it out. Treatments There are several treatments and that are given to stop the malaria parasite from developing in the blood. Some of them are chloroquine, malaron, lariam, quinine, doxycycline, clindamycin, and quinidine (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). Chloroquine helps prevent the malaria parasite to develop in the blood (WebMed, 2014). Cholorquine stops the parasite by blocking the chemical that protects the parasite from haem which is toxic to it (NetDoctor, 2013). This drug is taken orally and it is taken weekly for 4 weeks (NetDoctor, 2013). Malarone stops the parasite from reproducing by blocking an enzyme called dihydrofolate reductase which helps reproduce (NetDoctor, 2013). The dihydrofolate reductase enzyme makes folinic acid from folic acid and this is essential for the parasite to make a new DNA which is needed to reproduce (NetDoctor, 2013). Lariam kills the malaria parasite but it is not understood how it does this (NetDoctor, 2013). This drug is useful for travellers to areas where it is known to be (NetDoctor, 2013). Quinine is used to treat malarial infections it attacks the parasaite once it enters the red blood cells and stops it from multiplying (NetDoctor, 2013). Doxycycline is an antibiotic that stops the parasite (NetDoctor, 2013). It stops it from producing proteins that are needed to stay alive and multiply once it stops it then it is killed by the immune system (NetDoctor, 2013). Quinidine is used for severe cases of malaria it is directly given into a vein for 7 days in a hospital because the person’s heart needs to be monitored (NetDoctor, 2013). In this case the patient was given quinine infusion for 48 hours after the 48 hours he was given 600 mg of quinine orally (Hussain et al., 2008). He was also given some supportive drugs orally for a week which consisted of 500 mg of doxycycline, 40 mg of pantoprazole, and 200 mg of ferrous fumarate for 7 days (Hussain et al., 2008). He was has also given two pints of blood. Four weeks after these drugs were given to him he was discharged from the hospital with a negative blood film for malaria and he did not have any symptoms since his arrival to the clinic (Hussain et al., 2008). He was asked to come back to do further tests to be assured the malaria parasite was gone but he did not return to the clinic (Hussain et al., 2008). Conclusion Malaria can be prevented and if infected it can be treated. It is caused by a parasite that only female mosquitoes can carry. When these mosquitos go and take blood meals they transmit the human it bites. The parasite makes its way to the liver by masking itself from the body so it won’t detect it and eliminate it where later it makes its way to the blood stream and attacks the red blood cells. As of now there are many cases of malaria mostly in the African regions. Although there are treatments for malaria there are still a lot of people who die from it. Children and pregnant women have a higher risk of dying of malaria. Malaria can also be confused with other diseases because the symptoms are similar. This parasite is a very sneaky which likes to hide and wait for a period of time to multiply and prepare to attack the body. Although this might be the case there are plenty of test given to find out if someone has malaria to stop it before it can really do some server damage to the liver. There are some good drugs to help eliminate this parasite from our bodies. Sometimes people might think that this parasite is gone some people that have recovered from the first episode of this illness there might be several attacks called relapses this could happen within a moths or even years of having no symptoms. This usually occurs because they have stage parasites in the liver that reactivate. There are treatments given to reduce the chances of having these relapses. This can be a dangerous disease if not treated on time, but it can be prevented by tests to diagnose it before it is too late.

Volcanic Activity at Yellowstone :: essays research papers

Yellowstone is a national park covering 3,468 square miles in Wyoming, Idaho, and Montana and it is elevated 8,000 feet from the ground on a plateau. But is there still present volcanic hazard in Yellowstone? The park is covered with over 10,000 geysers, hot springs, mud pots, and travertine terraces, perhaps caused by a ?hot spot? that it overlies. A violent history suggests equally as devastating future volcanic activity, underground forces are causing the landscape to change and geysers to become more active. The real question is, if a super volcanic explosion took place, would human life exist as we know it ever again? The history of volcanic activity at Yellowstone starts with its first eruption at Huckleberry Ridge 2.1 million years ago, the leftovers reached as far as Iowa and central Texas. Then 800,000 years later, another eruption took place in Mesa Falls creating Henry Fork Caldera near Park, Montana. The last eruption took place 630,000 years ago, called the Lava Creek eruption, spewing 240 cubic miles of debris, and spreading as far as Louisiana and California. Hidden underneath the park, powerful volcanic, magnetic, and hydrothermal forces are reforming the land. Several earthquakes, uplifting, and subsidence of the landscape proves that these powers exist. Recent studies have caused scientists to think that Yellowstone could be growing larger as flowing molten rock builds up below the ground. In a period of 10 years, the volcano has risen 5 inches, not a significantly detectable difference, but it may have split the ground in the Norris Geyser Bassin that could reawaken some of the geysers, like the Steamboat. In spite of this newly found information, scientists do not speculate the volcano erupting any time soon, but with time, it will end with a super natural disaster, destroying everything in its path When Yellowstone does erupt, the United states could be covered in 3 feet of ash from the eruption. First, the pyroclastic flow would swallow most of Wyoming, Idaho, and Montana. Then, like Yellowstone eruptions have done before, the world would fall into a freezing, winter lasting around 10 years. Mass famine would take place all around the world as the eruption would have devastated the agriculture, effecting the food.

Cuba and the United States Essays -- Foreign Policy Politics Political

Cuba and the United States The island of Cuba has been a focal point of American foreign policy since the acquisition of Florida in the late 1800's. Cuba continues to capture America's attention as it is the only existing communist state in the Western Hemisphere. U.S. policy has attempted to topple the communist regime in Cuba since its outset in 1961. Policies designed to incite revolution, destroy the Cuban economy, and starve the Cuban people seem to be at odds with American ideals of democracy and sovereignty. It is, in fact, the very policies that the United States has implemented that have strengthened and prolonged Fidel Castro's reign in Cuba. The relationship between the United States and Cuba is paradoxical in that its very basis is anti-democratic. The United States never has supported the right of the Cuban people to govern themselves and now it has adopted a position of attempting to force on Cuba the political ideals it deems safe. This examination hopes to explain the background of that relationship and the state in which it now exists. Foreign policy in Cuba is fascinating in that it is a story unlike any other in U.S. history. The ability of one small island to dominate the foreign policy concerns of a world power is certainly an subject for inquiry. Obsession with the island of Cuba itself is nothing new in the United States. For the last thirty years, the small island just 92 miles off the coast of Florida, has shaped American foreign policy. Cuba's geographical location and political structure place it at odds with the United States on all fronts. The close proximity of Cuba to the United States coast places it in the limelight of national security concerns. The map provides a clear ... ...e Secretary General of the United Nations. 20 September 1995. MacGaffey, Wyatt. Twentieth Century Cuba: t he Background of the Castro Revolution. New York: Anchor Books, 1965. Manach, Jorge. Marti: Apostle of Freedom. New York: Devin-Adair, 1950. Matthews, Herbert. The Cuban Story. New York: Harcourt, 1961. Matthews, Herbert. Fidel Castro. New York: Harcourt, 1969. Matthews, Herbert. The Fruits of Fascism. New York: Harcourt, 1943. Mills, C. Wright. Listen, Yankee. New York: Ballantine Books, 1961. Myers, Steven. "Clinton Clears Media to Open in Cuba." New York Times, 13 February 1997. A6. Oppenheimer, Albert. Castro's Final Hour. New York: Macmillan, 1992. Oppenheimer, Albert. "Incresingly, Castro Loses Touch With Cuba." The Miami Herald. 28 July 1992, A12. Phillips, Ruby. The Cuban Dilema. New York

Environmental Air Pollution :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  My views of the environment are rooted in my belief in creation. I do not believe that life on earth began spontaneously, nor do I believe that the earth is so delicately balanced. I don’t believe that the earth and its ecosystem are fragile. Many radical environmentalists do, they believe man can come along, all by themselves and change everything for worse. After hundreds of millions of years, they believe that we are the last two generations of human existence. And they think we can destroy the earth all by ourselves?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I simply cannot believe this view of man and his works. I refuse to believe that people, which is also a result of Creation, can destroy the best creation in the universe. Although some arrogant radical scientists believe that they are capable of unlocking every door of the universe and above all else, capable of understanding it, it is a fact that there are some things in this world that man just can’t understand, and cannot understand, and we must accept these things in faith.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This one small planet has the conditions that are necessary for life and is perfectly placed in our solar system. If we were placed a little further from the sun, we would be a really big ice cube. If we were a little closer, we would be roasting in one big oven. And the placement of the Earth is not by chance, it was placed here for a reason.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We humans had nothing to do with earth’s creation, nor did we have anything to do with it’s placement or it’s functioning. We are only a part of it. We are as much part of it as the Spotted Owl, which is a bird. But environmentalists picture humans as a natural enemy of nature. According to them, we are capable of destroying earth merely by being ourselves. I also don’t understand how these â€Å"scientists† of whom which say we are powerful enough to destroy earth, can also say we are no better than a frog. Unfortunately for them, this is what they believe.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  They seem to think that all life forms on the planet, other than humans, peacefully exist together. They think that humans destroy. Most animals and insects depend on each other for food and do not peacefully co-exist.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We could not destroy the earth even if we wanted to. The earth is over 4 billion years old.

Difference Between Critical Analysis and Analytical Thinking

When you really want to reflect and put your points across, it’s said that you have to speak through your mind but from your heart with what you have lived and experienced. In this piece, I am going to use real life issues and experiences to help put forth my genuine reflections on the different ways of thinking analytical, critical and strategic. To start with, I would like to discuss the latest and prominent issue in Mumbai, whether it should be called Mumbai or Bombay. There was this debate going around in the class and one of my peers analyzed that it should be called Bombay because 80% people in Mumbai want to call it by that name. Then he also corroborated this by linking it with one of the newspaper and saying that it has stated that 65% of the public want to call this city Bombay and not Mumbai. He also conducted his survey and collected data of people from various parts of the city, the South Mumbai, the Central Mumbai and the North Mumbai. He later analyzed the question on the data collected and concluded that indeed people of this city want to call it by its colonial name Bombay. He was indeed very right because he had broken down this problem and had made all effort to reach every corner of the city for the survey. His survey number too indicated the same and with the help of analytical thinking, he convinced that people want to call this city Bombay. Thus the beauty of analytical thinking is that with the data and figure well in placed you can possibly prove anything without anyone even questioning it. However I was born in Mumbai knew this city in and out and decided to find the answer to the same problem but critically. More than numbers and figures, I relied more on my knowledge and experiences of this beautiful city. Therefore, I too conducted a similar but asked one more question, Why do they want to call Mumbai as Bombay? And the answer was surprising. They wanted to call it Mumbai but as the name of Mumbai was Bombay in the business circle, they wanted it to named Bombay. Moreover, the survey conducted by my friend was done in commercial areas of the South, central and North Mumbai. Where majority of the people come from other cities and have no knowledge and understanding of the local feelings. So the analytical thinking over here clearly missed out the local feeling of the people as well as the understanding of the complex community. I have mentioned the above experience because I want to bring forth the major difference between analytical and critical thinking. While analytical thinking did prove and gave an answer to the above question and even looked more credible because of the numbers, it failed to include local feeling and knowledge of the local area. This is one of the major differences between analytical and critical thinking. While analytical thinking segregates the problem into many areas and tries to back it up with figures, critical thinking uses the knowledge and experience and put them into logical thinking to formulate an answer. As far as strategic thinking is concern, I am still trying to define the meaning and the closer I am defining it the farther it goes. It’s like debating whether GOD exist or not. GOD is there we believe, but on experiences and intuitions. We cannot see Him but still feel He’s there. Similarly, strategic thinking eludes its definite existence but is always there. You can call it a plan of actions designed to achieve a particular goal. This plan of action is implemented by considering and weighing several facets and views. Your knowledge and most importantly your understanding and application is of uttermost importance for strategic thinking. After these prerequisites comes the analysis and synthesis of these prerequisites keeping the importance of all possible view and possibilities open. Hence, strategic thinking never has a definite answer or solution. Its all about selecting the best possibility. So even If I do manage to come out with a winning strategy other might ridicule it simply because they might look at it from different angle. So more you are ridiculed or castigated the better will be your strategic thinking. Today leadership is like a soul trapped between his internal consciousness and external realities. The soul can choose infinite possibilities but yet have to select a very few. Moreover, whatever he does should be such that it takes the side that benefits the all. In today world, a leadership would be difficult to sustain without keeping all the three things like financial, social and environmental aspects. And to keep this leadership has to inculcate power with ethics for any sort of sustainability. Leadership can be short-lived if one doesn’t compromise on some of the ethics at the same time would be dangerous if he follows none. So it has t o have it only to the point of sustainability. When an enlightened one writes a poem thousands read it. However, each one of them perceives it in a way they want to and this depends on their own life experiences and knowledge. Similarly, I use to perceive the World in a way I have seen it with my eyes and observed. But to really understand you need to perceive it through the eyes of many others and that is one thing that I have learned from this edifying experience of the last two weeks. Today when I am leading, I am open to infinite possibilities and views. I am trying to use the five why technique in my mind to reach out to the possible root cause.. Then the model that I am trying to work is to use critical thinking first and then use analytical thinking to corroborate the findings of the critical thinking. This I feel would help counter the limitations of the analytical thinking and at the same time will help foster the critical thinking results.

Assess the Biomedical and Socio-Medical

This essay will assess how useful the biomedical and socio-medical models of health are and what contributions they have made to health and social care. The biomedical model of health is an approach which eliminates psychological and social factors (environment) but only comprises biological issues in trying to recognise or understand an individual’s medial illness/disorder. In the Western world, the biomedical model has dominated all other models of health since the 19th century.This model is the model of health most used by health care professionals and is the foundation of most medical science. As a result, it is the cure that doctors focus on. Their approach is based on what is perceived as normal or abnormal in terms of bodily functions. The biomedical model is most effective with short-term or acute illnesses, where a cause is identified and the relevant treatment is administered. It is least effective when dealing with chronic illnesses; those which persist over long pe riods of time and are managed rather than cured.The biomedical model of health fits in well with the functionalist perspective to sociology as it sees ill-health as being dysfunctional to society. For functionalists, if people adopt the sick role they are exempt from their usual roles and responsibilities. The biomedical model also takes a curative approach, meaning that it focusses on the cure of an illness. Focussing on physical aspects of illnesses means they can be scientifically tested, which therefore allows development of treatments. A disadvantage of the biomedical model of health is that it is not a long-term strategy.By not looking at a patient’s medical history, asking them how they feel and also not asking fully detailed questions about an illness, means that the same illness could re-occur in the future. Marxists criticise the biomedical model of health because this model ignores an individual’s living conditions and Marxists also argue that doctors only b enefit the rich by getting poor people back to good health in order to enable them to go back to work. Further criticisms of this theory are focussed principally on the suggestion that it has over-simplified the biological processes now known to be very intricate.For many diseases, there are multiple and interacting causes. Moreover, such a theory looks only to the agent of disease, and ignores the host and the possibilities of biological adaptation. As stated, this theory is much more easily applicable to acute conditions then to chronic ill-health and is difficult to apply to mental disorders. The biomedical model also cannot explain why some illnesses are more common in some social or ethnic groups, for example, schizophrenia in Afro-Caribbean people.Diseases are differently defined in different cultures and medical definitions of disease have clearly changed over time. Generally, it can be seen that what is viewed as illness in any particular society and at any historical time d epends on cultural norms and social values (Naidoo & Wills, 2004). McKeown (1979) argues that the biomedical model is â€Å"less effective† than other models because health started to improve before the NHS came into place. The socio-medical model argues that health is a complex mix of behavioural, structural, material and cultural factors. All together these impact on health.The social model emphasises the need to address the origins of ill-health, for example, instead of treating a child with asthma; treating the damp conditions that the child is living in. The social model came about in the mid-twentieth century when there was an increasing dissatisfaction with the dominant model of health offered by biomedicine. The emphasis on health as being simply the absence of disease encouraged thinking about only two categories; the health and the disease. The social model of health imbibes social constructs and relativity in its approach to health.It tends to define and redefine h ealth in a continuous manner, and views health differently between individuals, groups, times and cultures. Some supporters of the social model have written extensively about sickness having a role to play in various societies (Parsons, 1951) as this helps to determine the structure of and functionality of the society. The social model is organic and holistic rather than a reductionist, mechanical method. A mechanical system acts according to its programming, its instructions or natural laws.The social model allows for mental as well as physical health. This model also allows for more subtle discrimination of individuals who succeed in leading productive lives in spite of a physical impairment. Another disadvantage of this model is that the conception runs the risk of excessive breadth and of incorporating all of life. Thus, it does not distinguish clearly between the state of being healthy and the consequences of being healthy nor does it distinguish between health and the determin ants of health (Ewles and Simnett, 2010).The development of this social model has been accompanied among the public, by a growing enthusiasm for alternative therapies, which tend to rest on holistic theories. Gradually, these too have been integrated to some extent into the mainstream model. In order to have a comprehensive understanding of health, it is vital to look at various premises of health definition, as just one aspect may not provide a complete answer to the enquiry about our health at a particular given time.It is therefore important to consider the various aspects of health when making a judgement and decision about the health status of an individual. The socio-medical model fits in with the Marxist perspective to sociology, as it focusses on social and environmental factors. Poorer people are more likely to have poorer living conditions. Marxists argue that there are higher levels of illness in more impoverished areas. This model also fits in with current health policie s, for example, Change for Life, which encourages individuals to take more responsibility over their own health.The functionalist perspective also supports this model by stating that if people are taking more responsibility over their health, they will be able to contribute more to society. Finally, feminists such as Lesley Doyal (1995) support the socio-medical model by arguing that women are more likely to become ill because they have more roles in society than men. Doyal argues that women are likely to have a full time job and then still do the majority of the house work/childcare when they get home. A more stressful environment is likely to lead to a higher chance of illness.In conclusion, the biomedical model of health is obviously most easily defined by the absence of disease, though the model is also compatible with more positive definitions in terms of equilibrium of normal functioning. In the socio-medical model health is a positive state of wholeness and well-being associa ted with, but not entirely explained, by the absence of disease, illness or physical and mental impairment. The concepts of health and ill-health are unbalances. The absence of disease may be part of health but health is more than just the absence of disease.

The erl-king

WHO rides there so late through the night dark and drear? The father it is, with his infant so dear; He holdeth the boy tightly clasp'd in his arm, He holdeth him safely, he keepeth him warm. â€Å"My son, wherefore seek'st thou thy face thus to hide? † â€Å"Look, father, the Erl-King is close by our side! Dost see not the Erl-King, with crown and with train? † â€Å"My son, 'tis the mist rising over the plain. † â€Å"Oh, come, thou dear infant! Oh come thou with me! Full many a game I will play there with thee; On my strand, lovely flowers their blossoms unfold,My mother shall grace thee with garments of gold. † â€Å"My father, my father, and dost thou not hear The words that the Erl-King now breathes in mine ear? † â€Å"Be calm, dearest child, 'tis thy fancy deceives; ‘Tis the sad wind that sighs through the withering leaves. † â€Å"Wilt go, then, dear infant, wilt go with me there? My daughters shall tend thee with sisterly car e My daughters by night their glad festival keep, They'll dance thee, and rock thee, and sing thee to sleep. † â€Å"My father, my father, and dost thou not see,How the Erl-King his daughters has brought here for me? † â€Å"My darling, my darling, I see it aright, ‘Tis the aged grey willows deceiving thy sight. † â€Å"l love thee, I'm charm'd by thy beauty, dear boy! And if thou'rt unwilling, then force I'll employ. † â€Å"My father, my father, he seizes me fast, Full sorely the Erl-King has hurt me at last. † The father now gallops, with terror half wild, He grasps in his arms the poor shuddering child; He reaches his courtyard with toil and with dread,– The child in his arms finds he motionless, dead. The erl-king By wnguyenp

Analysis of Robert Hayden’s poem “Those Winter Sundays” Essay

In â€Å"Those Winter Sundays† by Robert Hayden the story between the speaker and the father embraces the ideas of unseen love and the speaker’s regret. The poem is a result of the speaker’s reflection on his or her past experiences with his or her father. Hayden shows all the little things the father does, and how the speaker takes it for granted that the father just kind of did those things. Looking back, the speaker has now realized and understands what the father really had gone through for him. The descriptions Hayden uses expresses to the reader both the love of the father and the regret from the speaker’s reflection. Hayden goes into detailed explanations of examples of the father’s devoted love. His love isn’t shown through hugs and kisses, but through caring little things that bring happiness to the speaker’s day. This happiness can be seen by the regret the speaker shows when he says things like, â€Å"No one ever thanked him†(5). The father’s devotion is seen in lines 3-5, â€Å"with cracked hands that ached from labor in the weekday weather made banked fires blaze†(3-5). It is evident that the father, regardless of his own cares, makes the effort on those winter Sundays to try to make things a little easier for the speaker. Unseen by the speaker, the loving father has gotten up early and brought warmth into their home, and into the speaker’s day. Also, in line 12, â€Å"and polished my good shoes as well†(12), the feeling once again is presented of this father doing all he can to take care of the speaker, and show his love through his a ctions. This unseen love can also be noticed in the speaker’s thoughts. This poem is a reflection of his or her regret for not having been more thankful towards this man who cared so much for him or her. Once again line 5 shows us just how regretful the speaker was, â€Å"No one ever thanked him†(5). The use of the exaggerative word, ever, just shows how now the speaker has realized his folly and regrets not being more loving towards the father in turn. Also, in line 10 the word â€Å"indifferently† further points out the speaker’s realization. In the second to last line â€Å"What did I know, What did I know†(13), it seems like the speaker is almost scolding himself for this indifference. This line also especially exemplifies the speaker’s regrets. It almost seems like they’re are wailing over the fact that they had not  been more loving because of the repetition of the question. So, the unseen love of the speaker is not present directly in the poem’s text, but can be felt through further analyzation of the poem as one full of regret. Maybe the speaker had not realized this love do to the lack of communication between himself and the father. Line 9, â€Å"fearing the chronic angers of that house†(9) makes it seem like the father showed â€Å"tough love.† His intentions were always good, but maybe he pushed the speaker too hard and led to some lack in communication. This lack of a relationship with the father could be just another reason for the speaker’s regret. â€Å"Those Winter Sundays† presents both directly and indirectly the idea of unseen love. Directly when talking about the fathers actions, and indirectly through the reminiscing of the speaker. This poem in its entirety is about regret for taking for granted the love of the father, and not having returned that love, or shared a better relationship with the father.

Managerial economics-Ethics assignment Movie Review

Managerial economics-Ethics assignment - Movie Review Example Advertising another bailout package to the people and Congress proves to be a long stretch as suspicion and unwillingness is reasonably a hard sell when it involves companies that eaned billions. While Paulson figures out how to fix the problem, trying hard as he can to resolve it within the private sector, corporations are out for their own interests leading to the inevitable fall of Lehman Brothers. Eventually, the corporation files for bankruptcy and the bigger problems are just starting for big names that include AIG. This movie is ideal in understanding how the financial system in America works, not only that, it emphasizes on the interconnectivity of companies and even of governments that it is essential to appreciate that there must be mutual support instead of everyone only thinking for themselves. The role of managers can be seen to be the bridge that determines whether the company applies social responsibility or not. The relationship of businesses is important in building rapport and goodwill. In my own line of business importing and exporting goods, I find it true that the banks play a major role in the sustainability of trade. I do business internationally where I have to deal with people of different nationalities including the laws that apply to each transaction. The ethical conduct of business is just as important as the business itself. There are a number of ethical dilemmas in the film. Paulson, as a former banker who made his millions in Goldman Sachs, knows how they think and how they will react. At times he had been suspected of advocating for his own interests though the same is not true. He sat down the CEOs to push them to buy and support Lehman Brothers, but Merrill Lynch’s John Thain secretly called to push for the purchase of shares in his own company instead of Lehman Brothers. On the last part of the movie, Paulson managed to convince large banks to accept a nationalization

Corporate Hospitality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Corporate Hospitality - Essay Example In fact, many organizations have turned their prime activity into attracting and retaining customers. However, in order to attract customers, companies must have sound marketing strategies, for example, promotions or sumptuous events, where they will have the opportunity to explain to customers their products and services, and perhaps promote them (HENDERSON& MCILWRAITH, 2013). Coming new into the marketplace is corporate hospitality. Although hospitality has been in the marketplace for centuries, corporate hospitality is a new area certainly. In this new area, organizations perform additional activities aimed at pleasing their customers. The main role of corporate hospitality to an organisation or company is to entertain clients so that they become happier than they were before. Nevertheless, as days go by, organizations have extended the roles of corporate hospitality to include employees and business owners as well. The UK corporate hospitality has advanced very fast and many peop le consider it one of the best. This is simply because the sector has mastered the art of linking spectators and activities in order to offer judicious hospitality products and services to clients. ... e hospitality end up losing clients, and therefore, it is significant that organizations bring events and activities to retain the seamless experience of their clients. This report will assess the holistic nature of the corporate hospitality segment in United Kingdom (MASTERMAN, & WOOD, 2006) 2.0 Report Synopsis As discussed in the introduction part, corporate hospitality is the event or activity that an organization extends to its employees, staff or clients in order to satisfy them. Depending on the target population, employees or staff, these events or activities can differ. There are several sectors within the corporate hospitality segment. To start with, we have spectator sports. These include events such as tennis, golf and football. The second category is that of participatory events, which include fishing, sailing and driving. Lastly, we have cultural events such as concerts and music festivals (MSI MARKETING RESEARCH FOR INDUSTRY LTD, 2002). Thus, depending on the target aud ience, activities can vary. Although projected to be the prime form of marketing, corporate hospitality has experienced some challenges especially in the last decade. Between 2003 and 2007, corporate hospitality registered impressive growth figures of 5-7%, but in 2008, the growth rate stood at 2%. Analysts blamed the global economic meltdown, which affected business performance not only on UK but also in other parts of the globe. In fact, the decline continued to 2011, meaning that organizations had to abandon big events for less entertaining ones due to the reduced number of prospective clients. Another factor that affected the growth of corporate hospitality is off-putting media coverage. Some media agencies, such as AFP, reported that some UK banks, Fortis and Dexia, organized lucrative

Image of Nurse in the Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Image of Nurse in the Media - Essay Example She initiated this profession for the benefit of the health of all individuals in this world. But this profession has faced many problems. In the olden times the lack of resources and support for this career was a major hurdle for nurses. Nowadays stereotyping of the nurses in the media has become an obstacle that hinders the performance and efficiency of the nurses. Nurses have become an integral part of the healthcare system. They take care of the health of the patients and advise them with the best possible options available for their health. Despite of these essential functions of the nurses, their portrayal has been distorted by the media and the society. It has been seen that nurses are highlighted as women with glamour and beauty but they are considered not to possess any further qualities. It is seen that they are stereotyped as being unintelligent and as not being capable of taking care of patients on the same level as the physicians. It is true that the education opportunit ies of nurses have expanded. But owing to such labels stamped for the nurses in the media and the society, many people refrain from opting for this profession. A study conducted in 2008 indicated the fact that the media portrays the nurses as objects of attraction with no competence and potential. Furthermore, famous television serials which include Grey’s Anatomy and House suppress the role of the nurses and promote the role of the physicians.

Investment strategy for the Brighton office Essay

Investment strategy for the Brighton office - Essay Example Turnover 400,000831,609831,609831,609831,609 Profit 60,000166,322166,322166,322166,322 Design and Build Turnover 840,0001,440,0001,440,0001,440,0001,440,0001,440,000 Profit 100,800172,800172,800172,800172,800172,800 Project Management Turnover 350,000420,000504,000 Profit 70,00089,250113,400 Affordable Rural Housing Turnover 240,000600,000600,000600,000 Profit 24,00072,00072,00072,000 Speculative Developments Turnover Profit ------ Total Turnover 5,840,0007,440,0008,374,1099,359,7349,719,14010,107,017 Profit 525,800740,300892,9341,034,3621,078,2121,128,191 Turnover Per Annum in the 5 Years Beyond 2006: 9,000,000 Table 1.2 Expand Speculative Development and Forego Shopfitting 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Current Business Turnover 5,000,0005,250,0005,512,5005,788,1256,077,5316,381,408 Profit425,000446,250468,563491,991516,590542,420 Domestic Repairs and Maintenance Turnover 350,000350,000350,000350,000350,000 Profit -61,25061,25061,25061,25061,250...Also, expansion in the affordable rural housing sector is justified by the low supply in this sector. The difficulty in obtaining the necessary land and approval only makes the barrier to entry higher making this sector an attractive one. The outlook for the shopfitting market is bleak and is expected to pick up only in the medium and long term, amidst poor consumer sentiments (AMA Research 2005). However, moderate amount of investment is justified by the patronage of a regular client. Expansion in the speculative development market is justified by the low market supply (CPAT 2004). However, this segment is risky and therefore only moderate amount of investment is justified. The three tables below show the three feasible programmes, (1) expand shopfitting and forego speculative development, (2) expand speculative development and forego shopfitting, and (3) moderate amount of investment in both shopfitting and speculative development. As discussed ab ove, the third programme of moderate amount of investment in both shopfitting and speculative development is proposed. Product mix has been discussed previously as the earlier section has identified the most lucrative opportunities that the company can take advantage of. This paper recommends that the company infuse moderate investments in shopfitting and speculative development in order to maximize turnover.

Discussion Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Discussion - Movie Review Example the artist work in this painting as a journey to the other side of an illusion, which is a revelation of how Raphael created the alluring images that were appealing to his wealthy renaissance clients like the pope and his moneylender who were the richest men in Europe. According to Mathew, Raphael in his paintings employs vibrant color harmony which grasps with high intuitively long before the advent of the color theories. Raphael exploits the use of color effects to bring out the impression of extraordinary depth in his artistic work. The last judgment is an art in a post renaissance era. The painting is to communicate what is coming on the judgment day. The image of Jesus Christ is at the center of the picture with the Angels and the followers of Christ around him, this is a symbol of Jesus at the central position being in charge of the world. Below the image of Christ is the portrait of Angels blowing trumpet signaling the dead to rise. The Angels who are blowing trumpets are holding two books, a little book, and another large one. The little book is a book with the list of the saved while the other large one is the book for the dead. Painting of the Angels has souls of the dead on both their right and left sides. During the final judgment, there will be the place for the dead and a place for the saved. The picture shows souls on the right side of Christ rising from the dead and ascending into heaven while on his left are the souls of the dead falling back into the dead. On the same picture below is an image of hell at a glance, Satan is at its gate waiting to receive the souls falling into the dead. Jesus at the center of this painting with his fingers gesturing a show of direction is symbolic, on the last judgment Jesus will give directions on those who are to rise to heaven and those to fall. Venus of Urbana is an oil painting by Italian master Titian in the year 1538. The painting is a portrait of a naked young woman who identifies with the goddess Venus.

Dynamic of percussive enginnering Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7500 words

Dynamic of percussive enginnering - Dissertation Example Oil wells were considered as the prosperity of a nation and the quantity of oil that was taken out from these oil wells originated to fall with the passage of the time. Thus the contemporary technical community has prepared vast scientific advances in the modification of the drilling methods that was tracked in the past. The oil well drilling systems that were utilized in the older age convoluted the conventional drilling technique which was named as the percussion technique (Beck, 1995). This technique was being extensively used in nearly all the oil wells throughout the world. In this oil well drilling method the earth's crust is infiltrated by the help of a very weighty device that take out the oil by way of a hole. The chief drawback of this technique was that this procedure was actually time based method and the drilling had to be irregularly suspended. Now along with new methods of drilling, the percussion drilling is also modified with latest technologies in order to improve i ts performance (Hartman, 1959). In the incident of the contemporary drilling techniques the oil well drillers utilize the horizontal drilling process, which came to be really efficient technology when matched to the conventional drilling technique that was utilized till then. The utmost benefit of this technique was that the wells, which were penetrated by the horizontal method, had greater surface area which consecutively prepared the well to be tremendously productive (Hartman, 1963).... agmented rock characteristic of geothermal developments is compatible to impact drilling because there is diminutive or no plastic distortion of the rock (Harpst and Davis, 1949). Percussion drilling utilizes a back and forth down-hole piston/anvil structure to put on impact loading either to a custom roller-cone bit or to a one-piece bit set with diamond coated insertions. CONTENTS S.no Topic Pages 1 Introduction & literature Review 1-2 1.1 Introduction 1-2 1.1.1 Background and context 1 1.1.2 Thesis objectives 1-2 1.2 Literature Review 3-15 1.2.1 Drilling Methods 4-5 1.2.2 Examples of drilling methods 5-12 1.2.2.1 Rotary drilling 5-8 1.2.2.2 Percussive drilling 9-10 1.2.2.3 Rotary – Percussive drilling 10-11 1.2.2.4 Other drilling 11-12 1.2.3 Drill bits 12-15 2 Percussive Drilling 16-27 2.1 Introduction to percussive drilling 17 2.2 Principle of Operation 17-19 2.3 Pros and Cons of percussive drilling 19-21 2.3.1 Pros 19-20 2.3.2 Cons 21-22 2.3.3 Percussive drilling developm ent 22-23 2.3.4 Mathematical Models 23-27 3 Non-linear dynamics techniques 28-31 3.1 Introduction 28-29 3.2 Bifurcation, Poincare map and chaos 29-31 3.2.1 Bifurcation 29-30 3.2.2 Poincare map 30 3.2.3 Chaos 31 4 Mathematical modelling 32-40 4.1 Description of the mathematical model 32-34 4.2 Numerical results 34-36 4.2.1 Steady state response 26-39 4.2.2 Bifurcation and progression of the model over a range of static force 39-40 Â  5 Conclusion 41 Bibliography 1. Introduction & literature Review 1.1 Introduction 1.1.1 Background and context Material removal rate in the drilling region is one of the significant factors of determination of drilling economics. Over-all drilling expenses can be solved by forecasting the material removal rate and employed for pit preparation. The features which upset

Qualitative Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Qualitative Analysis - Essay Example Compared to other developed countries Singapore has low tax rates with a very high per capita GDP globally. Singapore has a very innovative and stable economy which is merged with efficient economic planning under the Economic Development Board that helped to establish a free market. Singapore’s main exports include; chemicals, services and electronics which provide the main sources of revenue for the country. Most firms are registered as private Limited companies. The country experiences a very low supply of water with a limited arable land for agriculture. Moreover, Singapore has a port that is strategic enough to give it an edge over the neighboring countries that carries Entrepot trade. Most of its labor comes within the population which is owed to the efficient education policy in the country that produces skilled labor for the industries in the country. The Argentinean economy is dominated by agriculture, which contributes the largest percentage of the GDP. The country h as fair economic policies that aim at increasing the exports from the main productive sectors. The main natural resources that contribute immensely to the country’s economy are minerals such as zinc, lead, copper, tin, oil and natural gas, uranium, iron, manganese and lithium. The main agricultural products produced in the country include; grains and livestock products. The country does not have a free economy like that of Singapore hence its economy is not that well established. The industries operating in Argentina include: oil refinery, food processing, machinery and equipment, petrochemicals and textile industry. Most of the country’s exports are taken to Europe and Brazil which are the country’s main trading partners. The main sector which is Agriculture has recently shown a rapid recovery with an increasing industrial production which replicates that of its immediate neighbor Brazil. The tax revenues are slowly growing with the debt services reducing. Ther e is a probability of volatility in the financial markets due to the conflict that exist between the central bank and the federal government. Comparison of the Political Environment between Singapore and Argentina Singapore has one of the most efficient political and regulatory policies globally. According to the surveys conducted the country ranks 122 out of the 138 countries in terms of creating a conducive political environment for business. This is in connection with press freedom in regard to the World information technology report of 2011 (Huff 745). The uniqueness of Singapore’s political environment comes in the fact that the immigration rules and laws are not that strict compared to Argentina or any other country. There are very strong law enforcement agencies which make cases of political unrests rare and efficient for business operation. The country is controlled by very few political parties with the main political party being People’s Action Party. This st ability in terms of political party policies ensures effective business environment for the development of country. The government of Singapore also ensures free trade agreements and employment laws in industries where a majority of the foreigners are in the job market. The main countries that have set up businesses in the country include China, Europe and the United States. As such, most foreigners use this country as an avenue to establish and expand their businesses through a

The Africa National Congress (ANC) Essay Example for Free

The Africa National Congress (ANC) Essay The Africa National Congress (ANC) was the first party in South Africa to win under democratic elections. One of the major reasons of its resounding victory in 1994 was its promises to improve the living standards of majority to almost 85% of total population. From many problems which were facing South Africa, when combined formed a package of strategy known as Employment and Redistribution (GEAR) macro-economic strategy. The strategy was introduced in June 1996. Even though there has been achievement in some areas, from its overall goals it is a failure. Indeed, most of the Black South Africans are now worse off materially than they used to be during Apartheid. In additions, there has been vanishing of hundreds of thousand jobs and increase in the cost of basics such as food, water, and rents. Only minority are better than they used to be during apartheid. Growth, Employment and Redistribution (GEAR)                  From different ideologies, not all failures are of its own doing .There is also claim that much of ANC failure are associated with its founders from South National Convectional party. However, this was not enough for â€Å"justification,† many of critics arouse from the ANC governance as the government of South Africa. Despite many oppositions and critics, once in power ANC government came up with tight monetary policy and orthodox Macroeconomic policy with the aim of deficit reduction all combined with trade liberalization. All these combined, they had a major purpose of facilitating growth, Employment and redistribution programme, the package known as GEAR. The target of GEAR, introduced in 1996, was to accelerate the economic growth with rate of about 4.3% programmed for 1996-2000.Towards mid-term of the programme; the GEAR achievements were below its target. According to Ludman (2004) this failure can be because of excessive rise in interest ra te and fiscal contradiction, this is opposed to the idea of W. J. (2003) that it was because of unfavorable external factors. Following five years of GEAR functioning towards the target of average 4.2 percent growth rate for 1996-2000, South Africa Ministry of Finance announced the carried out the analysis of the budget. Following the budget, it was determined that GDP had expanded at by 2.3% over the past two years, since ANC had took over in power. Moreover, from the budget it was determined that, GEAR, having functioned for two years after the end of the regime whose policies on economic growth sought to accrue the economic benefits to minority white men had marked little growth in equal distribution of resources. Although may differ with the observation perhaps because the growth with a slight improvement, there is need to consent that it was different with that of last decades of apartheid. Looking back from 1980 through 1993, perhaps would give us insight in judging the achievements or failures of ANC. During this period, there were major problems in South Africa economy. Only four years of this period that the gross domestic product (GDP) raised .Moreover, only the year 1984 that marked slight improvement in annual average decline of (GDP) by one percent. This was associated with many problems in the mid-1990s. South Africa had become a largely demanding society. For instance, the industries were greatly affected poor agriculture from the conversation of peasant agriculture and migrant workers .From the destruction of peasant agriculture, many problems arouse such as permanent unemployment and poverty. These problems were more among the black Americans as compared to â€Å"White.† It was devastation that about 65% of the total population lived under poverty .Thuynsma (2012) also explains that there was a huge disparity between unemployment rises in South Africa as compared to the rest places in Sub Saharan Africa, where peasant agriculture is believed to be strong. The most striking problem was unemployment among the youths in South Africa. Comparing it with that in sub-Saharan Africa with about 11.9% and North Africa with 23.7%,it was a huge difference South Africa with whopping 48.1% cases of unemployment of all young people ranging between (15 – 24) of age .All this research was carried out by the South African Institute of Race Relations. From these problems, it necessitated prompt responses, some of them include, and increase of investment rate stimulates to modernize production and increase of economic growth rate. From above definitions, the government, through GEAR policies aimed to bring about equality in the distribution of income, increased wage employment, better wages for those in employment and greater equality in the wealth, however there was no achievement. In fact, the economy of South Africa dropped by 5% and it was from this that ANC set broad framework .The primary goals of ANC since 1994 were therefore clear; to come up with new government’s social and economic policies. The first goal being economic growth little achieved during 1993-1995 with slight improvement of one percent as compared to negative rate of the previous years but below the population growth. During the period between 1994 and 1995, per- income did not fall; towards the end of 1995, there was per capita income increase outside the margin of statistical error. The ANC’s political misfortunes                  Looking at ANC’s misfortunes it would be necessary we look back to its founding to get a clear picture. Many at times ANC associate it is failures with 1908-1909 founders for they could not invite the representatives of ANC to convectional meetings or used to delay the negotiations whenever called upon. However, ANC is altogether accountable for crating the bad lack and its founders are not the first bad omen as they claim. According to Ludman (2004) perhaps Nelson Mandela was right when said, â€Å"Prepare for armed struggle immediately after the end 1952 Defiance Campaign.† In fact, if ANC representatives followed the advice, it would have won earlier because of its adversary (National Party) was not well prepared to withstand much of struggles and other form of resistance. The result of the party not heeding to the advice had far reaching consequences, by the time NP could consent to have conversation with ANC ,they were negotiating from the point of ANC weaknesses .Further, they continued to undermine ANC performance in their efforts to transform South Africa.According to Bond (2003), it is also failure of ANC to have negotiation settlement in 1993 that lead to 1994 elections. It would have been better if this conversation had happened in 1909 when both Africa nationalists and Afrikaner had been brought together by British, with the aim to rule South Africa nation together. Later the British conclude that, it would be better if the mining interests of South Africa were protected through policy of divide and rule, which GEAR strategies failed. Political elite                  By the time National parties in South Africa had reached the agreement in sharing of powers ,South Africa Society had already gone transformation .This time both economic influence and political power had decreased ,economic muscle had also a minimal power. This marked the inability of ANC to bring about transformation in South Africa in making it equitable society and more dynamic. The 1994 settlement, created a political elite that was seen to control the state but not the economy. The previous elite, which used control both economy and the political power, was seen to lose grip in political power though it retained control of the economy. This was seen as the mix up because, those in control of the economy would live in fear of being overtaxed or having their assets seized by the elite that controls the political power. In fact, the case in South Africa, through black economic process empowerment, usually compels the company owners to give some percentage of their assets to the political elite. The major benefit by the black political elite in the year 1994 was to have access of revenues from the government and distribute among themselves through corruption by giving high salaries. They were also seen to engage in redistribution of wealth, through free government services and social grants .Despite of inability to control the Nation productive resources, the ANC can be said to be far much lucky. Having came from industrialized Asia, the ANC government was able to achieve what we can call slight pain in wealth redistribution .Immense increase sale of minerals in Far East was also marked as one of ANC success. Conclusion                  In conclusion, there are only few signs of achievement of ANC in South Africa since it’s victory in 1994. According to Nell Van (2003), even some that remained are reaching dead end. Although there is sense from above in ANC making great efforts to improve the society, only few progress can be marked through closer examination of progress based from employment by the government ,rise in wage of civil servants ,growth in credit and replacement of Afrikaners in the South Africa though emerging of middle class black Africans. The weakness of the strategies used by ANC is that they are not based from windfall of profit from industrialization. Instead, they are accompanied with shrinkage of the employment in South Africa productive sectors .Therefore, looking at the ANC governments Growth, Employment and Redistribution (GEAR) macro-economic strategies, is a failure as compared to the unchanged conditions in South Africa. In fact, is a slight success it its goals has been achieved .As a result ANC’s luck is running out even from the protests from the service that have been happening some few years ago. References Bond, P. (2003).  Against global apartheid: South Africa meets the World Bank, IMF, and international finance. Lansdowne, South Africa: University of Cape Town Press. Ludman, B., In Stober, P. (2004).  The Mail and Guardian A-Z of South African Politics: The essential handbook. Johannesburg: Jacana Media (Pty) Ltd. Nell, P., Van, . W. J. (2003).  Democratizing foreign policy?: Lessons from South Africa. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books. Thuynsma, H. A. (2012).  Public opinion and interest group politics: South Africas missing links. Pretoria, South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa. Source document